ȹ ȣ ְ / 0.7 ġ
2023-09-10 04:51:15






























ȹ ȣ ϳԲ Ͻ 롱




ȸ(ȣ ) ְ(47) 縦 ϰ Ӹߴ.

ǻ縦 ڽ λ ȫظ dzʴ Ͱ ٰ̾ ȸ ȣ 簡, 9 ù 'ٸ ð ⵵ ä'(̻ 43:19-20) ߴ. " ϴ ͵ ߿, ϳԲ Ͻ ϴ" ߴ.

״ " ְ ̷ ִ. ſ ⸦ ϰ Ͽ . ׷ п ó ſ ִ 찡 . ׷ ̷ Ͽ ⸦ ϰ ް 뷡Ѵ. Ͽ ϴ ư" " 츮 ϳԲ ̷̽ ̽ô. ׷ 츮 ƿ λ ư λ ô" ߴ.

״ ϸ " ϽŴ" " ϴ Ÿ ϶ ƴϴ. 츮 ϳ Ͻô ϳ̽ô. ⵵ ϵ Ͻ , ϳ ʰ ϸ 쵵 Ͻñ ̴. Ͻ ϳԲ Ͻ Ͽ ϵ Ͻñ ̴. ϳԲ Ͻ ϱ "̶ ߴ.

״ " ƹ͵ ʰ, Ȳ ʰ ذ ó ̰,  ־, ϳ ־ ִٸ ϳԲ ̷ñ ̹ ϼ̴ٴ ٶ ־ Ѵ" "ϳԲ ô ƴ϶, ϳ Ͻ ձ ִ " ߴ.

״ "⵵ з ä ϳ Ͻ 縦 츮 "̶ "츮 ƹ͵ ʾƵ, ѷο ־,  , ϳԲ ϳ ð ̹ ϼ̴. 츮 ٸ ð ⵵ ä, з ä ϳԲ 츮 λ Ǯ ֽð, ϳ Ͻ ؼ ϳ "̶ ߴ.

ȸ 20 ǥ ȸ α ܹ ִ¹̷ ְ 縦 ߴ. (ù) û ڴ.

ȣ 1989 ȸ ô, 65. ( յ) ( 70) 5 ϴ ̴.

ȣ '2 翪' "ݱ λ ȫظ dzʴ Ͱ ̾. ֺ ʴ 鵵 鼭 ̶ ΰ ̼ پѴ ̾" ִ.

״ "ϳԲ λ  ߴ ͺ dzϰ Ƹٿ ŵ ΰ ϼ̴. װ ʴ´. ϳԲ λ  Ͻ ϵ ٶ󺻴" "ϳԲ 翪  ߿ ð 縷 ô 縦 ̷ ٷ ϴ´" ߴ.


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ӡ ȸ ȸ ż ٶ

ӿ ְ 2 翪





ȸ ȸڵ յ ִ. ȸڿ ġ ġ ѱȸ ü 2 翪 ̵ ϰ 硤 ӿ ϰ ִ.

4 ⼺(65) Ѹڱȸ θ縦 ֱ 縦 ȸ ȣ(65) , ġ 躴(58) ȸ ΰ̴. ̵ ⵶Ѱȸ ѿȸ() յ ȸ 70. ⵶ϳǼȸ 75̸ ⵶ѱħȸȸ ٸ 70 Ѵ(ǥ ).

⺸ 5 մ 2021 (43) 縦 Ӹ û ° ƴ. θ ߴĿ ̶ ȣ ƴ϶ Ҵٴ ȣ . ¥ ϴ ̰ ȸ ӡ̶ ȸ .

״ ְ ԰ ϳ ǰ ģϰ ϴ ⿡ Ѵ١ ִ.  ġ ü ̴ϽƮ ǥ ܸ ڽ ȸ 翪 ϰ ִ. 9 õ 4 ܴȸ ѱغ嵵 ð ִ.

ռ 2003 ޴ Ѹڱȸ ȸ ƴ϶ 500 ̴ ȸ 1 ⼮ϴ ȸ ״. ̾ 絵 ִ ̱ ĵڽ߾ӿհȸ 20 ä ʴ ȸ 8 10 Ų ִ ȸڴ.

ȸ(ȣ ) ְ(47) 縦 ϰ Ӹߴ. Ӹ ϱ Ӹ Ⱓ Բ 翪ϴ ȸڸ Ѵ.

ȸ ִ¹̷(޹) ѱȸ ž ϴ ̴. 翪 Դ. Ȯ ȸ ǥ ȸ 10 ӽȮȸ 24 ε ǻ縦 ȸ Ȯ ̴. Ӱ Ǹ ȸ 12 2 Ӹ θ ߴ 翹踦 帰.

ȣ 4 Ϻ ȭ ε ȸ յΰ ִ ŭ ϴ١鼭 ȸ ȹ ϰ ʹ١ ߴ.

躴 絵 ߴ. Ŀ ϴ ο ̾ ȹ ȸ ڽ ÿ ⵵ д籸 Ʈ ̸ ϰ ʹٴ 浵 ִ.

3 1 ȸ ڸ ٲٴ ϰ, ٸ 3 1 ȸ ϱ ߴ. 3 1 ϴ ʿ ְ ִ Ź åߴ.

ֱ Ϻ 㿡 ̸ ʾ ͺ ϰ ʹ١鼭 ȸ ؾ ؼ ̸ Ȯ ʾҴ.  Ȯ꿡 ⿩ϰ ʹ١ ߴ.


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ī õ硯 ⵶ ž ؾ ӡ



ѿ, ī ݴ ' õ' ۵鿡 Ȱ.

ϴ뿡 ۽ 찡 ȴ 29, ī ' ' ƴ. ڽ  ƶ ʰ 1km Ҿƹ Բ ɾ.

⿡ ʰ, Ʈ ̾ '뵷' dz޴. 80 " " " ͼ ī ̾. ٸ ϰ OƮ ̾Ƽ 3 ֽô. " ߴ.

Ͽ ڳฦ Ӵ 迡 ϰ ִ ⵶ ˷. ͺ䰡 Ҵ մ " δ㽺 ͺ並 źߴ. ͵ δ㽺ٰ Ѵ" "⵶ ž ־ ؾ 翬 ߴٰ ޶ Ѵ" ߴ.


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鼮 45ֳ ȸ ̸





鼮 45ֳ ȸ ѱ 踦 ǥؼ ȯ ص ̻, ȯ ȸ ȯ θ, ̿ ѱ ǥȸ 縦 ߴ.

ȯ 1978 9 鼮ȸ 45 , ѱ 踦 ǥϴ ū . ϳ ƴ ١ ϳ ߽ ߽ ȸ̶߽ ΰ ȸ ̲ ° 鼮ε ⵵ ־⿡ ߴٰ ϴ´١ ߴ.

ȯ ص ̻ 9 鼮 45ֳ ȸ 縦 ϰ ִ.
ȯ 45 200 Ƿ ƴ ١ 鼮 鼮 հ Բ αμ ѱȸ ū Բ ѹα ֱ⸦ ٶ١ ߴ.

̿ ѱȸѿ ǥȸ 9 鼮 45ֳ ȸ 縦 ϰ ִ.
̿ ġ ȥ ô뿡 뿡 鼮ȸ ׸ и ڷ, ϳ 츮 žӰ ǥ Դ١ ̹ ȸ 鼮ȸ ٽñ 游 繫 ѱȸ ߹ Ǵ ŷ Ҹ ϱ⸦ ٶ١ ߴ.


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' '硤кθл Ѹ ߸




' ', ߸ ȸ
¡ ӿ 緮޾ ̾
ο Ը ǺȣǾ ǰ ˱
"ܿ ݺ ƾ"
" ȿ ִ å ʿ"
, ' ȸ' ݽ ⵵

簡 49 (4) ߸ϴ ȸ Ƚϴ.

ȸ ڵ Ÿ Ը ǺȣǾ ǰ ˱߽ϴ.

⵶  ݽ ⵵ ġ ȸ Բ ⵵߽ϴ .

ǵ ȸ θ ޿ϴ.

ָ ȸ ȸ ̾ 簡 49 ° Ǵ
' ' ϰ ߸ ð ϴ.

ʸ õ ϱû ߸ ̾ϴ.
ռ δ ൿ ĸ , ¡踦 , ʰ б 緮޾ ϰ ȸ ϴ ߸ ߽ϴ.

кθ л鵵 üн û ϰ ȸ ϴ ߽ϴ.

4 ε鵵 ȸ " ƴ ʿ " ߽ϴ.

[ڿ / ѱ⵶ȸȸ ǡȭȸ]
" ѹα ּԴϴ. л ġ ϱ , ݹ ô޸ Ȧ ؾ ϴ , ̷ Դϴ. 츮 ȸ ̷ ܸ߰, ܿ Ե оϴ."

4 ȸ տ ' ߸ȸ' ī̼ ȭ ϰ ִ. Ȳȯ
4 ȸ տ ' ߸ȸ' ī̼ ȭ ϰ ִ. Ȳȯ

ȸ ڵ "մ ƴ" Ǽ кθ ο ȣ ϴ ó ߽ϴ.

Ư "ΰ Ҹ Ŀ ȯ ൿ źϰ ִ" Ը ǺȣǾ ǰ ˱߽ϴ.

[ ߾]
"'б ', ' X ϸ ȴ', ' ô ƶ', '̰ ۵ 𸣴 ̳', ' ׸ֶ', ' ׿ ϰ ҹڴ' ϰ װų ŭ ްų ϳ, ŭ ް ū ߽ϴ. Բ ߸ ϴ. , ȸ ߸Ǿϴ. ο Ȯ ߸ Ը ٽ մϴ."

4 ʱ ﱳб кҹȭ ڵ ϰ ִ. մ
4 ʱ ﱳб кҹȭ ڵ ϰ ִ. մ

, ⵶  ݽ ⵵ ġ ҽϴ.

 ⵵ " ǿ Ե Ҹ ƴ϶ ܸ ϰ ȸ Ѵ" "Ե Ÿ ݵ Ըǰ, ܿ ̻ ݺ ʰ ش޶" ⵵߽ϴ.

̾ "49 ٲ ƹ͵ " "Ƶдù ǰ, å 忡 ȿ ֵ ٲ Ѵ" ߽ϴ.

[ȣ ǥ / ]
" Ѿ ȸ ̷ ֵ, ̰ ߾ ʰ , Ե ȣ ִ ȵ, ¥ ȿ ִ ȵ õ ֱ ؼ ⵵ ø Բ ⵵߽ϴ. Ե ؼ ȵ ŵ. װ͵ ޾Ƶ鿩 ݿּ ϴ ٶ ֽϴ."

[ĵ]
ΰ л þȰ մå ǥ Ҹ ݿϰ ϴٴ 鼭, ȸ ħ ż Դϴ.


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ϱ '' Ӹ "ϴúθԼȸ Ʒ "



ȭϰ ˷ ȿȭ ̻() ȭڹȸ Ӹ λ縦ϰ ִ. ( = )

ȭϰ 'õϱ'̶ ̸ ϱ ٽ λ簡 ֱ ȭڹȸ 忡 Ӹ ˷ ƿ Ĺ ϰ ֽϴ.

ȭϰ, ϱ η ģ λ 簡 ϴúθԼȸ Ʒ ϰ ȭ ̷ Ѵٰ ߽ϴ.

ȭڹȸ ֱ 21 ڹ ϰ, ڹ鿡 츮 ȣ Ͽ Ű ޶ ߽ϴ.

[]
"츮 Ǹ ȣϰ ۷ι ߱ Ͽ 츮 Ͽ Ű ؼ ߿մϴ."

ȭڹȸǴ ڹⱸ ȭå ɿ ڹϰ ϴ Ӹƴ϶ ȭϿ ȸ м մϴ.

׷ ֱ Ӹ  ѱȸ ̴ ϱ ٽλ絵 Ե ˷ ϰ ֽϴ.

Ӹ ȿȭ ̻ ϱ 缺 ϴ 'ѱ' ڷ Ҹ ϱ η ģ ι̾ ȭå ڹϴ μ ϴٴ ⵶迡 ֽϴ.

Ϻ ΰ ƺ Ѹ Ѹ ൿ ˷ ϱ ػ û ϴ Ȳ ڹⱸ ϱ ٽ λ縦 Ӹ ΰ ٴ Ҹ ֽϴ.

̻ 簡 ϴúθԼȸ ̷ ִٰ ϰ ִ. Ʃ ĸ
̻ 簡 ϴúθԼȸ ̷ ִٰ ϰ ִ. Ʃ ĸ

˷ ̻ ϱ 簡 ϴúθԼȸ Ʒ ġ , , , ü ϳž Ѵٰ ߽ϴ.

[] / ȿȭ ̻
"2020 5 8 ϴúθԼȸ ǥ߾. ϴúθԼȸ ϳ Ʒ ϳ η 밡̶ ̻󼼰踦 ϴ ̰ ū ϴúθԼȸ Ʒ ϳ ǰ ġ, м, , , , ü ϳ ڰ ϴ ׷ η 밡 ϴúθԼȸ."

ٸ ϴúθԼȸ ϸ鼭 ϴúθԼȸ Ʒ ̷ Ѵٰ ߽ϴ.

[] / ȿ蹮ȭ ̻
"( )ϴúθԼȸ ū Ʒ Ÿ 3.1ó ϳ ż ȭ༭ ϼ̽ϴ."

̴ ϱ λŴ Ź ϱ 1960 ʳ 츮 Ϻ, ̱ ġǿ κ Դٸ, ϱ ձ ϱ ̿ؼ ȵȴٰ ߽ϴ.

̴, ̺ ⹮ ٸٴ°̴ϴ.

[ͺ] Ź / λŴ
" ٸ ƴ϶ , ڰ Ǵ ϱ ձ ѱ ؼ ε ڶ , ȭ, ġ, ̷ Ϳ ϱ Ȯ ִ Ȳ̰ŵ. 츮 å ִ ̷ ִ ̷ ֵ Ѵٰ Ѵٸ Ÿ(Ϻ) Ͼ ġ, ȸ ۿ 츮 ȿ ִٴ ."

߽ɿ ̻ ̴̸ ȭå ڹ ĸ 谨 巯½ϴ.

[] / ȿ蹮ȭ ̻
"(ݺ ϰڽϴ) θ "

и Ģ ϱ ٽ ϴ λ簡 ȭڹȸ 忡 ӸǸ鼭 ⵶ ƿ Ĺ Ŀ Դϴ.



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źÿ±ȸ ⵵ , ù 2000





⵵ ˷ źÿ±ȸ(ϱټ ) 9 4Ϻ 24ϱ 21ϰ ȸλ <⵵ >̶ ̸ٿ Ư⵵ȸ ǽѴ.

1994 Ǽ 2 󰡱ȸ 20~30 ۵ ⵵ ط 29° ° ִ.  ̺ ο ̸ 100% ϴ ⵵ ̴. ڷγ θ 2020⵵ ϰ 2 ȿ źȸ ⵵ȸ ʰ ̾.

Ӹ ϱټ ȸ ô ϳ øδ١ 46 5 ޷Դ. 翪 ϱ ؼ ϳԲ ۿ ٵ ˰ ֱ ̴. Ӹ ڽ ⵵ ü߱⿡ 鿡 ־, 鵵 Ӹ ȸ ⿡ ϴ  ü .

ù 2,000 ߴ. 뿹 ڶ ȸ ҿ  踦 帮 ε ڸ 鵵 ־.  ̵ θ ȸ ͼ ⼮ ƼĿ ̰, Բ ϴ ѱ ȸ Ҹ ־.

ϱټ ù ⵵ ִµ ù ° ϰ ޴ ְ, ° ؾ ִٰ Ұϸ 켱 ȸ Ǿ Ѵ١ ߴ.

Ư ִ ϸ ִ ϸ鼭 θ ̴ ̶͡ ϳ , ŭ ŵε Ͻ ̶͡ ߴ. ̸ ִԲ Źϴ , Ȯϴ ϶󡱰 ߴ.

⵵ ⵵ ְ Ǿ ڰ ϴٸ, ȸλ̶ Ͻ ϳ 縦 Ѵٰ ߴ. ϱټ Ӹ ⵵ Բϴ ⵵ Ʒ μ, "'ȸλ'̶ 21ϰ Ѹ ⵵ ٶ Ҿ ȸǾ⸦ Ѵ١ ߴ


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'ѳȸ' ȣ , ϱ Ȥ ̾



ѳȸ ȣ 簡 걸 ѳȸ ߾ȸ Ͽ踦 εϰ ִ. =

ȸڷε Ȱϰ ִ ȣ ѳȸ ϱ 翡 ε ǰ ִٴ ҽ ص帰 ֽϴ.

׷ ̹, ȣ ȸ ڻ ̶ Ȥ ƽϴ.

ȸ ޾Ҵٰ ׺ϰ , ׷ ʰ ֽϴ.

ѳȸ ø ִ ȣ ȸ з° »Դϴ.

3 ȸǿ ̷° ȸ Ӹ ̷ ϴ.

ȸ Ӱ ѳȸ ϰ ִ ȣ ֱ ϱ Ȥ Ǹ鼭 ȸ ο ݹ߿ ˷ϴ.

2001 ѳ ǿ̴ ȣ 簡 ϱ 縦 ȸ û DZ ˷鼭 Ŀϴ.

̿ ȣ ڸ޽ "Ϲ Ư Ѵ", "׷ 忡 ѹݵѿ û Ư ο ְ Ϲ ǰ ȯ ؼ ü ̾߱⸦ ʴ´" ظ߽ϴ.

̷  ѳȸ ο ȣ ڻ ̶ ΰ λȸ ѹ ̰ ֽϴ.

ü ֱ ȣ ȸ 12 ȸ ڻ ̱ ΰ C п ޾Ұ, ٰ ߽ϴ.

Ȥ ͳ α׳ SNSε ޼ ִ Ȳ.

ȣ ȸ ȼġ ڻ ڽ ߸ ߴٴ Խϴ.

[ͺ] A ѳȸ ȸ
"ڻ OO̰ ؼ µ ' ߸ ϴ'. ߾. OO ؼ ߴµ"

ڻ ִ ƴ ٰ ߽ϴ.

[ͺ] B
"() ȼ ̿. ( ) ƹ͵ ."

ȣ ȸ ǰ ִ C п ޾Ҵٰ ڽ ̷¿ ֽϴ.

ȣ ޾Ҵٸ, ؼ б ־ ̶ ϴ.

, Cп ȸ 翡 ؼ ̶ ظ߽ϴ.

ѳȸ ȣ ¥ Ȥ ѳȸ ȸκ ߴ߽ϴ.


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ڸ ûҳ ֱ 5Ⱓ 3600 ȯ ޾



̱ 2016 2020 ּ 3600 ûҳ ü ջϴ ȯ ü ޾Ҵٴ 谡 ̹ ޿ ̱ȸ(JAMA) ǥǾ.

̱ ũõƮ(CP) , JAMA Ʈũ ֿ ̱ ȯ ߴµ, 2016 2020 ȯ ð ߴ.

ȯ 48,019 ȯڸ , ڷδ ÷ б ǰ ΰ ܰ ι ̽ Ʈ ڻ, þ ڻ, Ű Ű ڻ, ø ڻ, ׸ ĶϾ б ν ǰ ΰ ܰ ι ڻ簡 ԵǾ ִ.

ǥ 12 18 ûҳ 3678(7.7%) ȯ Ÿ. ̷ ȯ κ 19~30(52.3%) , 31~40 21.8% ߴ. 41~50 ȯڴ 9.1%. 51~60(6.2%), 61~70(2.6%), 70 ̻(0.4%) .

Ư ȯ ü 12~18 ûҳ 87.4% Ǵ ޾, 11% ϰų ޾Ҵ.

ü ȯ Ǽ 2016 4552ǿ 2019 13,011 3 ߴٰ, 2020 12,818 ణ ߴ. ü α ߿ Ǵ ϴ 56.6% ı (35.1%) Ҵ.

ȯ Ȯ (gender-affirming surgeries) Īϸ , , 谨 , Ҿ ҿ ִ١ ϰ ִ.

׷ Żȯ(detransitioners), Ѷ ڽ ݴ νߴٰ ̰ 鼭 ڽ ̷ 忡 ݹϰ .

15 Ŭ (Chloe Cole) ûҳ ڽ 谨 ġ Ƿ ڸ Ҽ ߴ.

忡 , ȣ ġḦ ü ɰ ü ó, ؽ ȸ, Ƿ ýۿ ҽš ٰ ߴ. 2022 Ҽ ǻ Ȱ ū ġ ڻ 浿 ǰ ȭ ޾١ ȣߴ.

̱ 24 ֿ ̼ڿ Ϻ Ǵ ȯ ϴ ġ ϰ ִ. ֵ ٶ踶, ָ, ĭ, ÷θ, , ̴ȣ, εֳ, ̿, Ű, ֳ, ̽ý, ָ, Ÿ, ׺귡ī, 뽺ijѶ̳, 뽺Ÿ, Ŭȣ, 콺Ÿ, ׳׽, ػ罺, Ÿ, ƮϾƿ شȴ


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0.7 ġ0.6 Ŀ



û, 2б Ƽ 56087 ǥƼ 9°

߰ л ҷ ̾
ȸ ģȭ ȸ ȯؾߡ

2б(4~6) հ 0.7 ġ ߴ. 1 Ǵ 0.7 Ⱓ 6.3% ġ. ̴ζ Ϲݱ 0.6 ִٴ ´.

û 30 ǥ 2023 6 2б α⡯ , 2б 56087 4õ62(6.8%) ߴ. 2021 OECD (38) հ 1.58 1 츮ۿ .

û ǥ , 2023 2б(4~6) հ 0.7 ġ ߴ

û , ݱ(1~6) հ 0.76̴. 2б հ 2012(1.26) ϶ ̾ ִ. ʿ ̸ ȣϴ ⿡ 4б ȴ.

δ ⼭(0.53) λ(0.66) 뱸(0.67) õ(0.67) 뵵 հ صҴ. ݸ (0.94) Ⱝ(0.87) (0.87) α պ ġ ߴ. 1 ̾ (0.94) հ ó 1 .

ɰ л ҷε ̾. ΰ ǥ 2023 ⺻ 硯 ġ ʡߵ л 5783612 96156(1.6%) ߴ.

л ġ 5.6% پ 52 1794 Ȯεƴ. ʵл 2.3% پ 2603929, л 1.6% پ 1326831 ߴ. ġ ް ġ ũ پ. ġ 8441 121 پ, ֱ 5Ⱓ ѷ Ҽ ̰ ִ.

ѹα ü α 2019 11 44° ϰ ִ ߼. ڰ α ϱ 2.1̴.

̷ ߼ ȸͿ ǥ ѱ α ɰ · 2010 47 2023 23 13 ̳ پ١ ü α α е ̶͡ ߴ.

츮 α ް ȭ ״ 10 14 ҳ α 20% پ, 15~60 갡α 10% پ ̸, 50% þ ̶͡ ѱȸ ޼ӵ þ α ȸ ģȭ ȸ Ǿ ߴ.

Ư ̺ ̻ ̷ ߼ ӵ ̶ ̴. ǥ 꿬α ַ α þ鼭 ξ ̶͡, ü α ҷε ̾ , ȸ ȸ ƴ϶ ȸ ȯ ʿ䰡 ִ١ ٿ.


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