û ޶ ִ: Ŀ´̼ ȯ ȭ1)
2015-12-17 10:44:09

(Ŵ , )



ȭ 1 ȭǵ , ð赵 ٰ Ѵ. ǿ 񽺸 ؾ ϴ ȭ Ǹ ؼ 1 ȭǵ ְ, ð赵 ʴ´.
ȭǸ ϰ ׳ ּ 2 ö󰡸鼭 ǵ̶ ̴. װ ð 帧 ؾ 浵 ̴.

Ʋִ Ĵ̳ ٹ濡 ټ ϰ Ʋִ ݸ, ȭ ٴ ణ 켱 Ѵٰ Ѵ. ʾƵ ڴ ԰ ڸ ޶ ̰, ڴ õõ ϶ ǹ̸ ִ.

츮 ֺ ̷ ִ. ׵ Ǹ ̸ŭ ġϰ ¥, ׵ 濵 Ͽ ߵǾ ִ.
ġ ׵ ϵ غϰ, Ѵ. ׵ ϸ, ׵ ȣϴ ͵ мѴ.

⿡ ´ 񽺵 غϸ, ͼ񽺵 ʴ´. ׷ 濵ڵ ó ϸ, ٴ ϶ 濵Ģ Ѵ. Ƿ ġ ϵ ׵ ߱ ϰ ִ.

Ϲ ϳ ؾ ϰڴ°? ݵ ϳ ̰, װ ٷ Ȯ ƴ ڶ Ǿ , 翪 ȿ ϱ ʿ и ƴ ̴.

̷ ̹ ȣʹ Ŀ´̼ ûߵ鿡 κ 캸 Ѵ. ̰ û ؿ ۾̸, Ӱ ϱ ο ϱ ۾̱⵵ ϴ. ׷Ƿ ⿡ ַ 鿡 м ߽ ̷ ̸, ô ٷ ̴.

ؼ

ϳ Ŀ´̼ ʿ Ѵ. ô ӿ ϳ ó (text) ־ Ѵ. ׷ ϵ · 츮 ־ 溻 õ 鿡 ̴ּ ϳ ̴.

ϳ ϼ ϳ õ ڽ 巯ô Ͻô ϳԡ̽ô. ׷Ƿ ô븦 鿡 ô뿡 Ͻô ϳ ֱ ؼ ݵ ؼڷμ ڰ ʿϴ.

ڴ ϰ, ϸ, ܰ踦 ϵ ô븦 Ͽ Ͻô ϳ , ؼϿ ־ å ־. ؼ ޴ û ʿϴ.

Ϲ Ŀ´̼ǿ ҷ ϼ ⵶ δ , ϼ . Ѱ ʼ Ҹ ʿ ϴµ װ ɴ ̴. ϰ ϸ, غ񿡼 ޱ ϼż ϳ ǰ Ͻô ɴ̽ô.

⿡ Ұ ߿ϴٰ ҵ ӿ ǰ 翪̴. ̷ ҵ Բ 翪 ȴ.

׷ٸ 翪 ߽ɿ ִ°? 翪 õ ΰ鿡 Ͻñ⸦ Ͻô ϳ, ׸ , ġð ԡ Ͻô ɴ 翪 ߽ɿ , Ŀ´̼ ٸ ߽ɿ ڰ ִ.

翪 Կ ־ ڴ ɴ Ͻɿ ΰؾ ϸ, ô븦 Ͻô ϳ ؼڷμ Ӹ ƴ϶ ڵ ûߵ鿡 ؼڷμ Ѵ.

Ư ڵ ȿ̰ ִ 翪 ϱ ؼ ȭ ȸ ӿ ް ִ ûߵ鿡 ؼ ΰ ڵ Ǿ Ѵ.
Կ ־ 翪 Կ ־ ߿伺 ߿伺 ˳ϰ Ǿ Ȧ Ǿ κ ִٸ װ ûߵ鿡 ̴.

 ΰ ؼ Ǿ ûߵ  Ĵ ׷ ɰϰ ʾҴ. װ Ư ϰ Ѹ ο .

ϱ ׸ 翡 ѷ 縦 ȭΰ ұԸ ̰ ϴ ǰ 翡 Ѹ, ־ ׸ ҵ濡 ׷ Ը 縦 ׷ ʴ´. Ư ɰϰ Ư Ư Ͽ ű⿡ ˸´ Ѹ.

׷ ʴ´ٸ ״ dz ̴. Ȯ ϰ ϰ ϳ տ ޸ ž! ϳ ̸ ̷ ! ϴ ΰ ״ å .

Ѹ ϴ ڿ ȵǸ, ȥڼ ڿ ȴ. ݵ ڴ ȿ 翪 ûߵ ׵ ڸ ؼڵ Ǿ Ѵ. ռ ۿ ߵ ڴ ݵ ؼڿ ϸ ûߵ鿡 ؼڿ Ѵ.

ûߵ ڸ ؾ ϱ ȭ ȸ ؼڿ Ѵ. ܼ ؼ Ӹ ƴ϶ óϴ ڷ, ٽ ؼ ؽƮ ؽƮ ظ  ΰ ϴ Ŀ´(communicator)μ ؼڿ Ѵ.

ȭ ô û ȭ

̱ ÷θ ÷ Ͽ Բ ߱ ӹ Ʈ (EPCOT; Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow) 鸰 ִ. 츮 ȭ ó ư ⿡ ؼڵ ̷ ÷ Ʈ ȭŰ, ȭ ѳ ̴.

װ Ա  Ŀ´(Communicore; Ŀ´̼ ߽ɺ) Ŵ ð Ǵµ, Ŵ Ŀ´̼ ü ǥϰ ְ, αٰŸ ϴ ܼ 뷧 뷡 ´: 츮 ο ô뿡 ϴ.

ôԴϴ. Ʈ Ŵ η 츮 ĸ ȿ Ҹ 츮 ǹ̸ ش. Ŀ´ڶ ð ߿ ﳪ  װ̴: İ Ŀ´̼ ϸ鼭 츮 Ӱ ٲϴ.

ٴ ӱ 츮 Ŵ ڸ ϴ. Ϸ 츮 Ž ϴ. 츮 Ŵ ϴ....

̴̾߱ ̰ ó ȭ Ȳ  ִ. 츮 ȯ̶ Ī ִ Ŵ ȭ ߽ɿ ִ. Ư Ŀ´̼ ̶ Ҹ ŭ Ŵ ȯ ȭ  ִ.

ó Ŀ´̼ ¿ʹ ٸ ſ ̰ پ ؼ ̷ ִµ, Ư ü ȹ ȭ ǰ ִ. ȭ , , , Ȱϴ ΰ Ȱ ǹ̡ϸ, ȸ ׷ ȭ ȸ ü ū ϴ ȸ Ȳ ǵȴ.

̷ ȸ ΰ ɷ ũ ûѴٴ Ļȸ ҷ ȸ Ȱ ߽ ȴٴ ڱ ô볪 ȸ(high technology society) Ҹ.
Ƴα ô Ī Ǵ ô Ư¡ . ̰ TV ؼ ۵Ǿ, ǻ͸ ؼ Ȯǰ ִ ο ô ̴.

̷ ȭ ȸ ġݰ Ǹ鼭 Ǵ Ŀ´̼ ȯ ȭ  Ư¡ ɱ? , ù° ߸ü Ϲ ü ݸ ô뿡 ֹ ô밡 ̴. й ô밡 ǰ ִ ̰ ̾߱Ⱑ ƴϴ.

Ϲ ƴ϶ ֹ Ŀ´̼ ô밡 ȴ. û Ȥ ûڵ ۿ ý ӿ ־ ڽ ȣ Ӹ ƴ϶ ׵ ǰ߰ ǵ Էμ ü ϴ ְ ȴ.

°δ Ŀ´̼ ȭ ִ. ûߵ äο, α׷ ͳݰ ֹ ü ξ پ ϰ ȴ. Ʈ ߴ ϴ ɿ ȴ.

°δ ü ȭȴ. ǹ ִ 㱸 ߿ Ư¡ ϰ ִµ, Ǻ 踦 Ѵٴ Ǽ(hyper-reality) ֿ Ѵ. , 漺(), ð پѴ ʿ ϴ 󼼰 Ȱ뿩Ͽ Ŀٶ ȿ â ִ ٰ ִ.

⿡ 屸, 屸, 屸 ִ Ǹ鼭 ̰ ݺ ϻ翡 ̺Ʈ ϴ ȸ ߵ鿡 Ÿ پ , ȯ 縦 ν ũū ȣҷ ϰ ȴ.

츮 ȸ ̹ ȭǰ ̹̽ ǥǴ ϻ Ȱ ǰ , ȸ(Gemeinschaft) ͻȸ(Gesellschaft) θ Ѱϴ ü Ȱ ڸ ȴ. ⿡ Ǵ ǰ ȥ, ΰ , Ȯ μ ü ִ.

̰ Ѽ Ÿ(Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari) ڵ Ѵ. Ѹٱ Ĺ ߽ Ѹ Ѵ. ̰ ߰ Ѹ ߽ Ͽ ٱ ȭ Ѹ Ĺ ʹ ٸ.

̷ ǰ ִ ڻƮ, ׼ó ִ Ʈ ִ. ⿡  , Ѿ  Թ ܽõǰ, װͿ ؼ ޱ⸦ źϸ鼭 ü ΰ ɰ ߱ϰ ִ.

°δ ġ ô Ư . ڷ, Ź, ȭ, ѽùи ģ ͺ ξ پϰ Ƽ̵ ǰ ִµ, ϴ.

, , , ΰ ° ̿Ͽ ΰ ַµ ߽ д. ̷ پ ü--ũ-- ϰ ޱ--ġ-- Ѵ. ̷ Ʈ ô밡 Ͻ ô롱 Ͽٰ Ѵ.

̷ ȭ ȸ ǥǴ ο ô Ŀ´̼ ȯ ȭӸ ƴ϶ ΰ ȭ ʷѴ. 19 ߹ ̱ ¾ 𸮽 Ӱ ߸ 輱 㹰 ؽ, ̴ ϳ ׸(grid) ϵ ̱ .

̸鿡 ؼ ǰ ִ ̷ ü ΰ ߸ ü ؼ ϰ ޴´. ǻ͸ ߽ ϴ ÷ ü ܼϰ ƴ϶, ȸ Ӹ ƴ϶ ΰ 鼼 ȭ ȴ.

ȭ ߱ϴµ, ʱ⿡ ַ ġ , ȸ Ȯǰ Ǹ, ׸ ٽ , ȸ, ȭ Ȯȴ. ̷ ȸ 漺 ǥ ֵǴ ȸ (societal degree of freedom) Ǿ .

̷ ȮǾ Ȱ ൿĵ ũ ޾ ȭ ϰ Ǵµ,
󸶸ŭ ġ Ȱȸ(life chance)  ΰ Ȱ(life-style) ߿ ȸ ɻ εȴ. ̷ ȭ ε İ , ׸ ȸ ϴ з ȭ ´.

̷ ̵ ߴް Բ ȭ ȸ ٲ, ׷ ȭ Ư ǽ ȭ Ÿ ȭ ٴ ʿ ̰ װ ģٴ ɼ ̴.

̷ ̵ ϰ ȭ ʷѴٴ ij Ŀ´̼ ڿ Ʒ ̾߱--ü ޽(Medium is message)-- ̷ ô ӿ ִ. ü Ǵ ô뿡 ü ޴ ȭ ȸ 鿡 ݵ ݵǾ Ѵٴ ṉ̀⵵ ϴ.

׷ Ʒ ̷ ġ ִ Ŀ´̼ ߿ ٹ 21 ̵ ô ʿ並 ľϰ ׵ 䱸 ִ Ƴ ̶͡ ϸ鼭, ȸ ް Ǵ ū 鸲 ֿ ҡ Ѵ.

װ 鸲 ƴ϶ 鸲̶ ɼ ´. ׸-θ ȭ ⵶ 鸲 ٰ ׵ ε带 غ ־ ó ٽ ѹ ȸ Ͽ 簡 Ƕ ˡ̸, ʹ ٸ 簡 Ƕ ˡ̶ ̴.

ڸü ο Ͽ Ͱ ٸ ο ź, , ǰ Ȯϸ鼭 ׷ Ȳ  Ŀٶ ȭ ϰ ִ ûߵ ؾ Ѵٴ ̴.

ȭϴ ô뿡 ʴ  Ϳ ؼ ʴ ü ̴. ׷ ̷ ü ȭ ׷ ûߵ ȭ ؼ ұ ȸ ְ 翪 Ȳ ǰ ִ.

δ ô Ȳ پϰ . Բ ϳ Ͻ Ȳ ϰ ϼ, ȸ ϰ ִ ȭ ̶ ޵Ǿ.

װ ׸ Ͱ ̾. Ϸ ûߵ Ȳ ȸ ƶ, ׸ ʿ信 ȭǴ ̾. ٽ ûߵ ̾.

Ŀ´̼ ȯ ȭ

ΰ Ŀ´̼ ̸, ǻ ؼ ü ߰, ü Ӿ ؿ ̴. Ŀ´̼ ü ȭ ؼ η 뷫 зǾ.

ô롱 (preliterate or oral age) μ ߴް ۵ ڽô롱 (literate or print age)̸, ڸü ߴް Բ ۵ ڽô Ȥ Ƽ̵ ô롱 װ̴. ⵶ (oral) Ŀ´̼ ô뿡 Ǿٸ, ó ´ μü ߸ Բ ۵ ȭ ӿ Ʋ ߾.

Ʈ(Neil Postman) ⵶ (discourse) ȭ  ְ, ⵶ ȭ Ʒ  Ǿ Դ м ְ ִµ, Ʈ ȭ(print technology) ̰ м ⵶ Ͽ ̰ 깮(prose) ¸ ߴٰ Ѵ.

̷ ȭ ǿ ⵶ 뿡 ־ (propositional)̸, ޡ ⺻ Ǿ.  ϴµ ־ ¥ӻ ִ ߿ϰ , Ͽ ޿ ַѴ. ׷Ƿ ̰, м̸, ¥ӻ ȴ.

׷ ڹȭ ȭ ߴ޵Ǹ鼭 ̷ Ʈ ȭ ´ ް ϰ ȴ. Դ ̰ ´ ̻ Ұ Ǵµ, ٵ ûߵ ڸü ͼ鼭 ׵ û Ÿϰ ȯ ޶ ̴.

Ʈ ȭ ޾ ⵶ ο Ŀ´̼ Բ ɰ տ ̰ Ǿ. ٵ ڽô Բ ûߵ ȭ ޽ ° ޶ ⵶ ؾ ε巯 ǰ ִ.

ڹȭ ȭ ͼ ûߵ ޽ ޴ ĵ ޶µ, ؼ  ޱ⺸ٴ ̹ Ÿ, 丮, ׸ ִ  ؼ ޵Ǿ , Ȯϰ ް ȴ. ȭ ô뿡 ̹ ȣ ߿ Ŀ´̼ Ѵ.

̷ ô뿡 ûߵ ߵ(concentration span) ް ȭ Ǿ. ڷ ä ٲٴ zapper" ϸ鼭, ֱ ΰ ä ٲٴ° ߴ.

ǰ α׷ ٷ ä ٲٴµ, 17.8%̻ 2и ѹ ̻ ä ٲٴ heavy zappers"̸, 35.8% ̻ 6 30ʸ ѹ ä ٲٴ moderate zapper"̶ ûϴ ٰ ũ.

̷ 忡 Ͼ ̶ ڽ , ̰ ڽô븦 ִ 츮 ûߵ ǻ ִ.

ǿ ٹ ̵ ¾ ο ȭ µϴ ȿ ȸ 鸲 ߰ ε ̴. ̷ 츮 ȸߵ ȭ Ŀ´̼ ô븦 鼭 ٸ ä ؼ ޽ ް , ޽ ޴ ĵ ٸٴ п ο з ϰ ߴ.

ΰ?

ũ Ʈߴ Ʈ̾ ƺ, ׸ ϼ䡱(Papa Don't Preach) ׷ 縦 ִ: ƺ, . ƺ ߸ ġ. ƺ, ׸ϼ. ߾.... ƺ ׸ϼ...

ϴ١ ǹ preach ܾ ݺ ϴ ϰ ִ ޽ ũ Ŀ´̼ ȯ ִ ڵ鿡 ǹϴ ٰ ũ.

̴ 5 60 ȭ ä ִ. ó ϸ ȭ ̱ ̴.

̾ ӵǴ ȭ ӿ ̹ 丮 ʴ ҳడ ڱ⵵ Ӱ ְ, ̸ ִ Ǹ ִٰ ϴ ҳ  ö ٶ󺸴 ƹ Ÿ ̴.

 ÷ ȿ Ͽ ӽ . ϴ Ŵ , ׸ ִ ź dz ư Ϸ غ , ι Ŭȴ. ü ۰ ο Ʃ 뷡ϰ ߴ ϰ ؼ .

̰ ȭ 踦 ݿϰ ִµ, Ŀ´̼ ô밡  ̹ ְ, ޽ ش. ̹ ߽ ڷ ü ߽ɸ ϰ ִ. ̷ ־(audio-visual) ü ȭ ӿ ͼ ûߵ ׷ Ŀ´̼ ü Բ ϰ, .

ûߵ ̷ ޶, Ÿ ׷Ƽ(Ŵ ) źϴ Ʈ ô ϴ ڵ ź ģ: ׸ϼ. ޽ ȭϴ Ŀ´̼ ȯ ִ ûߵ ħ̴. ̰ ڵ鿡Դ Ŵ ֹ ̰ ο ȸ DZ⵵ Ѵ.

¼ ó ־ ƴϰ, ⵶ Ⱑ ִ١ ε ɳ׵ Ǵ. ڵ ϴ ٽ ѹ 꿡 ÷ ϴ Ѵ. ̷ տ ɾ ִ ûߵ鵵 ٽ ѹ γؾ ϴ Ѵ.

ǹ , ¿ 뵵 , ø ִ ڴ ô 帧 ʰ, dz ؼ ʴ´. ˽ ̽ ̷ 忡 ġ ϰ ︮ ȸ Ҹ δ.

ģ Ҹ̱ ʰ , ̸ ħ ʰų ߿ ϴµ ظ ʴ´ٸ ȸ Ҹ  ο ʴ . 鿡 ۿ ϰ ִ 𸥴. ڴ и ؾ Ѵ. ûߵ ޶ ִ. ()






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