̽ ΰ? 2013-11-14 21:44:12 ̽ ΰ? ī ѱȸ ̽ ȸ ȸͽž webmaster@amennews.com ֿ / GMTC 1. ̽ ΰ Ѹ ϴ ΰ ϴ ŭ̳ ̴. 縯, ȸ, ȸ, ȸ, ȸ, ű ϴ (Christianity) 簡 2õ ݱ а ȸ ⺻ ġ ظ ʴ. ̿ ϼ(singleness) ٽ ġ ϴ ̽ ġ, ȸ, ȭ, ̴ ġ ̽ Ÿ ̸ŭ̳ ũ پϴ. ̰ ̽ 縦 ۿϰ ִ ͵ ̴. ̽ ٺǿ , μ ̽ ̽, Ŀ þ, źǿ ̱ ̽, , ġ ̽ ̽, ȭ ̽ ȭ ̽, ̽ ̷ ̽, ̽ ÷ ġ 븳 , Ÿ ȸ ȭDZ ſ ̸ ִ. ̽ ΰ Ȯ õϱ ռ ̷ Ŵ ̸ ϰ ִ ̽ ü ܼȭ м (academic description) Ѱ踦 ؾ ʿ䰡 ִ. ư ̽ ܺ (etic view) м (emic view) غϱ » Ѱ谡 ۿ ٴ ü ۿ ̴. ̷ Ѱ踦 ϴ ѱ ڵ ̽ Ϲ̰ ظ ۼ ̴. 2. Ÿ ÷ȭ ȭ, ȭ, ٿȭ 21 赵 ſ ̴((Peterson, Hasker, Reichenbach & Basinger 2001; Oxtoby & Segal eds. 2007; Nigosian 2008). 츮 ǹ̿ Բ 迡 ū ġ ִ پ 鿡 ؾ ʿ䰡 ִ. ű ʱ α, ұ, , μ Ÿ ڵ̾. ɸ(William Carey, 1761-1834) ӽ (James Legge, 1815-1897) Ÿ ϱ Ͽµ ̷ й о߷μ ʸ ֱ Ͽ. 20 Ÿ ȸ 뿡 ̸ ʿ伺 ϰ ȴ. ǥ ѵ Ʋ(Harold Netland) Ÿ ־ μ ǿ ġ Դٴ ִ. ѱ۷ιʿ(GLF) 2009 · ϼ ٿ: ǿ Ÿ ̳ Ʋ Ÿ κ (the Great Commission) Ǿ ־ Ÿ ڰ ϸ 鼱 ݿ μ ž(folk religion) ġ, Ÿ (high religion)μ ȭ ؿ ߰ Ÿ ġ ƴ ̶ ̺й ۿϿ 뺹 豳ȸȸ(World Council of Churches) ȭ ݹ߷ Ÿ ü Ǿٰ ִ(Netland 2009). Ÿ Ұ Ѵ. Ϲ Ҵ žӰ Ÿ Ÿ ̴(Netland 2009). ڵ ȭ ʿ 濡 õǾ ʾƾ Ѵ. Ÿ ̳ ã õ . Ÿ ħ ԵǾ ִ Ϲ ü ϳ Ư Ǿ Ѵ. ̷ Ȯ Ÿ ڵ鿡 û Ѵٸ ڵ鵵 ڼ ؾ Ѵ. ̴ ް ϴ ϶( 6:31) Ÿ Ȳݷ(golden rule) ۿؾ Ѵٴ ǹѴ. Ÿ ߰ϰ Ǵ Ӱ ż ̳ Ƹٿ ҵ ϴ η ʿ䰡 . ֿ η ȭ ʿϿ ִ Ϻ ϰ ִٴ ϴ ٿǸ ϰų, ʿ伺 ȭŰ ʴ´ٴ ʿ䰡 ִ. Ÿ ü ʰ ߱ϴ ڵ ñ ʿ信 ξ Ѵ. Ÿ ̴. Ⱓ ̽ 縦 ִ Ϻ ϰ ü ¿ ſ ɰϰ Ŵ ϸ鼭 Ȥ Ǿ. ̱ ߽ ϴ ī, ƽþ ̿ ̸ 谡 ó غ Ǿ Ư ü ϰ ִ. Ŵ Ŵ ü Ե ? ǿ ϰ ִ. ΰ Ǵ 21 ̹ ǿ ġ ڸ ʿ並 äشٸ װ ӿ Ʋ١ üǾ(Hiebert 1994, 2008). ̽ ̹ Ȯϰ ϰ ٸ Ÿ ϰ ִ δ. ̽ () ȸǸ Ƽ 鿡 Ͻ ñ μ ٶ ϰ, ġ 屸 ä Ӹ ƴ϶ Ƿ ü ҼӰ ȭִ ΰ ʿ並 äֱ ϰ ִ ִ. ٵ ħ Ұ ν Ʈ پ ۾ ƴ϶ ʿ ϵ 츮 װ ä ִ١ å Ȯ ϰ ִ. ұϰ 츮 ̽ ΰ ϴ ־ ǿ 뼺(usability consideration) ϱ ռ ̽ ų (authenticity) ذؾ ʿ䰡 ִ. ̽ Ͻ, , Ŀ Ͼ ΰ ϰ ٸ. Ž ǿ 뼺 켱ؾ Ѵ. ѱȸ ü ̽ ü ùٷ ϸ 츮 ؾ ϴ ùٷ ٴ п ϰ ȴ. ư η , ȸ ġ ǿ Ұϴٴ ν ̽ 츮 Ž ϰ ̴. 3. ̽ µ ̶̽ ܾ ˶ ̶ ǹ̸ ִ. ٶ ̽ ġ(way of life) ̶ Ѵ. ̽ ϴ ϴ (Muslim) ˶ 濡 ϴ ڡ Ȥ Ǹ, , 絵 ڡ Ѵ. ٶ ƴ, , ƺ, , Ը ٶ ֿ ι ڵ ϰ ִ. ̽ µ ƶ ȸ ȥ ô ǥǰ Ѵ. ȭ ο ʾҰ, ñ ̷ ߵ ȸ Ƿ ϴ ȸ ϰ ־. 迡 , 縷 κ ϴ ߵ ƶ ȸ Ű ȭ Ÿ ֿ ϴ ϳ ȭ ߽ ̷ ̾. ī ġ ī ߵ ƶ ȸ ڽŵ ϴ 360 ų ߴ. 6 7 ġ ƶ ݵ ϼʿ شϴ , Ͼī, ȷŸ ϰ ִ ƾ ̶ ̶ũ Ϻ 信 شϴ ξƽƮ 丣þ ܷ⸦ ϰ ־. ƶݵ ƾ 丣þ ߽ Ƿκ ַ ĵ Ҽ ڵ dzó DZ Ͽ. ôϰ, Ȱ ߵ 縷 ̵ Ҽ ־. Ը AD570 ī ġϴ Ƿ ִ ٶ̽ ٴ Ͻ(Banu Hashim) ƹ е ˶(Abd Allah) Ӵ ƹ̳(Aminah) ̿ ¾. ƹ Ը尡 ¾ 6 װ, װ Ǵ ؿ Ӵϸ ߴ. ״ ƺ Ż(Abu Talib) 鼭 ߴ. ״ ̰ Բ ߰, 25 Ǵ ؿ ù ° ī(Khadijah) ȥߴ. Ը尡 40 Ǵ ܿ(9) 27(AD610 8 6) 꿡 õ 긮 ˶ ø ȴ. 긮 õ η ִ Ը忡 ù ø ߴ. Ըκ ø ص īڴ ݷ߰, 濡 ع ִ ī Ͷī(Waraca) ˶ ð Ʋٰ Ȯ ־. Ͷī Ը尡 ƶε Ͽ, ڽ ʰ, 2 Ŀ ߴ. ڽ ˶ ڶ ϴ Ȯ Ը װ ø Ȯ ϰ Ǿ. Ը ˶ и ̶ ϰ, ī 踦 źߴ. ó ð ۵ 3 ڰ Ұ 40 ۿ ʾ Ը ħ ī ȸ λӸ ƴ϶ ε ɰ Ǿ, ̿ Ը ڵ ؽ ̹ڿ ۿ . Ը尡 ø ϴ ʱ հŸ ҰϿ, ° ط ̾. Ҽ ڹۿ ʱ ī ô °, ϰ, Ǵ° ϸ, Ϻ ε ŷϱ⸦ źϱ ̸. īκ 448km ִ κ 湮ڵ Ը忡 ݰ ҽ ־. ڸ ʿ ϴµ Ͻſ Ը带 ڷ ð ʹٰ û ̴. ̽ Ը ڵ īκ ̹ڰ غϰ, ž ã ο ÿ Լ ϱ AD622 ̽ (Hijra) ϰ ִ. Ը Ź Ͽ ó ˶ ÿ ġǴ ġ ̷ϰ ȴ. ī ̹ ڵ ʿ ġ ߴµ, ù £ ¸Ͽ, £ и ϰ ǰ, Ը λ ϱ ߴ. AD627 ī밡 Ͽ, Ը ڵ Ͽ ¸ ̲. AD630, Ը µ ī Լ Ͽ, ƶ ȸ ǰ ִ ī ˶ ϱ ̸. Ը ī ̽ Ȯϰ, ٽ ƿ AD632 ߴ. Ը尡 2 ƶ ݵ ü ̽ȭ Ǿ, 100 ʾ 뼭 ߱ 濡 ̸ ϰ Ȯ . ̽ 䰡 ϰ Ȯʿ ̽ DZ ߴ. Ը 4뿡 ģ ̸ İڵ鿡 Į (Rashidun Califate: AD632-661), ٸ ߽ 츶ߵ(Ummayad:661-750), йٽõ(Abbasids: AD750-969), 11 12 ϼ ī ˸(Almoravids), Ƽ̵(Fatimid:AD969-1179) 11 13 ߱ٵ ߴ ũ(Seljuk),ε (Mughal:AD1526-1858), 丣þ ĺ (Safavids:1501/1502-1722), Ű 丸(Ottoman:1516-1916) Ը ũ, Ͽ. 21 ̽ 16 ȸϴ ȭ 1.84% ƴ϶ ϴ Ǿ.1) 4. ̽ ⺻ ü õ(ſ) 뱳, , α ұ ֿ 鿡 ª 縦 ̽ ܼ õ ü踦 ϰ ִ. 1) Ͻ ˶ Ͻſ ̽ ž ٽ̸, ̴. ̽ ˶ , ü Ӽ ʿ ̰, ΰ Ѱ迡 ʴ´. ״ θ, ڳ Ȥ ڰ Ȧ ϸ, ˶ â, ְ, ں, , 뼭ϴ Ͽ 99 ̸ ִ. ̽ ž ˶ ʿ Ư Ѵ. ̴ ˶ ٸ ͵ Ǹ, ٸٴ ְ ִ. ٶ п ƹ ͵ ١(Surah42:11) ϰ ִ. ٶ ˶ ΰ âߴٰ ϰ ˶ ڽ ΰ âߴٴ ߰ . Ը Ͽ شϴ ϵ(Hadith) ƴ ˶ âǾٴ 뼺 ؼ ־ ̽ ġ ش ʴ. 2) õ翡 ̽ žӿ ϸ, ˶ õ縦 âߴ. ̽ õ 谡 ִ ִ õ ٸ. õ ΰ Ӽ 翡 ־ ٸ ̰, ΰ ʴ. õ ϰ ִµ , õ ٸ ְ, ˾ ϴ õ簡 ְ, ڿ ˶ ϴ õ絵 ִ. ̽ õ ū õ п ΰ ִ. ̽ õп ϸ, õ ʱ ˶ Ҽϰų ݿ Ų Ÿ õ 簡 (Surah 66:6). ƿ õ õ , õ ˶ ̴. (Jinn)̶ Ҹ ź ΰ, õ Բ ϳ ̴. õ ΰ âDZ Ȥ Ҳκ âǾ, ũ, , ٸ. 3) ڿ ̽ ־ ڴ ̷ ϴ ƴϴ. ڴ ˶ 濡 õǰ, ˶ ΰ ϸ, ΰ ˶ ̲ ̴. ƿ ڴ ΰ ϽſԷ ư εϰ, ˶ ϴ ִ ְ, ΰ Ͽ Ѵ. ڴ ˶ ɷµ ϰ ܼ ΰ Ұϴ. ڸ ϰ ϸ, ڵ ΰ ˶κ µ ־ ڰ , ں 뼭 Ǯ ٰ ģ. ̽ ˶ ƴ, ƺ, , ̽, ̻, ߰, , , Ʒ, , ַθ, , , 䳪, κ, (ħ) , , Ը ڵ ߴٰ ġ ִ. ̵ ˶ ø η ڵ Ѵ. ̽ ˶ Ը忡 ̸ η ü 縦 ڽ Ÿ̴ٰ Ѵ. 4) Ը忡 õ ٶ 뱳 ϴ پ ʴ´. ε ε ˶ ÿ ÷, н, Ѽ ǹ̰ ջǾ ̻ ˶ ÷μ ǹ̰ ٰ ̴. ƿ Ը带 õ ˶ Ϻϰ ״ ٶ ž ϰ ִ. 5) ǿ ̽ ü Ȱ ϴ´. ˶ ɷ ΰ ٽ ü , ȥ Ͽ, Ǵ տ ȴ. Ŀ ̻ ʰ, η ȴ. Ǵ տ ΰ װ 巯 ް ǰ, Ұϰ ȴ. ΰ õ 밡 ް ȴ. õ ϴ ̰, ¡ Ȥ ƴϴ. ̽ õ 帣 Ƹٿ پ ְ, ų ʰ, , , ǰϰų ġ ʴ ҷμ ˶ ں ΰ ־ ̴. 6) ˶ ֱǿ ̽ ˶ װ â ˰ ִٰ ģ. ˶ ſ , ̷ ͵ ˰ , ˶ ϴ. ˶ ֱ ϰ , , Ѿ Ȥ ĵ ʴ´. ڴ ټ õؾ ǹ ´. ټ ǹ õ ʴ ٷ ˸ ϴ ̸, ϳ ϴ ڴ ٰ Ѵ. žӰ : DZ ؼ ǹ ˶ ̿ܿ ٸ , Ը ̴١ ϵ Ǿ ִ. ܼϰ, ž ڽ ϰ, ڽ ϴ ٰ Ȯϰ ִ ̽ ž ٽ̴. ̽ ٽű Ȥ ٿǸ ϰ Ѵ. ˶ ̿ ü Ӽ Ѵ. ˶ ϸ, ˶ ϰ 踦 ִ Ѵ. žӰ鿡 Ը尡 ˶ ڶ ԵǾ ִ. Ը带 ڷ ϰ ִµ, ̴ װ ٶ ƴ϶ ̽ ִ ٰŰ Ǵ Ը ϵ(Hadith) ϴ Ѵ. : Ϸ翡 ټ ϵ Ǿ ִ. Ͻ ˶ ϱ ó ǹ̸ ִ ƶ ī ġ ΰ ִ ü ī(Kabah) ؾ Ѵ. ϴ ˶ ϴ ϳ ü ǹ̸ ϰ ִ. ħ ð ΰ Ǵµ, ̴ ϴ ڰ ˶ 濡 ǹ Ѵٴ ִ ¡ ǹ̸ ִ. ˶ ϴµ ־ ڵ ʿ ʰ, ˶ , 뼭 ں ϴ ϰ ȴ. ̽ ð ϰ, ؼؾ ǹ , ⺻ , ִٰ ġ ִ. Ȥ ڼ : ظ ǹ ʿ ϴ ڼ Ǯ ǹ ִ. Ȥ ڼ Ǫ ܼ ̿ ǹ̰ ִ ƴ϶, ڽ ҿκ ȭ(purification)μ ڰ ˶ ̶ ž ϰ ִ. ȸδ Ϻθ ȯν ʿ並 äְ, ؼϴ ϱ Ѵ. ڽ ȥ ȭ ƴ϶ Ž ̰, ηָ ϴ ִ. ⺻ Ⱓ 2.5% ڼ ϵ ϰ ִ. ݽ : ü ǰ ̽ 9 شϴ Ⱓ ݽ ؾ Ѵ. 9 Ը尡 ó 긮 õ縦 ˶ ø ̱ 鿡Դ ū ǹ̸ ϰ ִ. ̽ ¾° ȯ ϱ 1 11 ª, Ⱓ ظ Ⱓ ϰ ȴ. ݽ ش ϸ ð ȴ. ݽϴ ð ü İ , Ȱ ȴ. ϸ Ŀ ݽ ڵ ȴ. ݽĵ ڱ γ Ծ ƴ϶, ʿ ־ ູ ϰ, 踦 ˶Է ƿ ǹ̸ ϰ ִ. Ⱓ ݽ (Eid Al-Fitr) ݽ ģ Բ Ѵ. : װ üγ ִ ɷ ִ ϻ ѹ ݵ ʸ ؾ Ѵ. ˶ ϻ ѹ Բ, ڸ ̴ ̴. ظ 鸸 ڵ ƶ īٸ 湮Ͽ (hajj) ǹ õѴ. ǽ ⺻ ƺԿ ۵Ǿ, Ը尡 ż ǽ ϰ ִ. ȭ, θ ʿ ܼ Ǻ ϴ ڵ ϰ õϴ ǽ γ , Ǽ Ȯϴ ⸦ ȴ. ʰ (Eid Al-Adha) Ѵ. 5. 忡 üа üа ڰ 纸 ž ̴. , , ϳ ΰ 踦 å̴. ü ϴ ü ϴ Ͱ ٸ ʴ. ٶ üа ż źδ 俬ռ Ȥ ɸС(associationism) ִ(Moucarry 2002). ٶ ü ϳ ϰ Ǹ, װ ﰢ ϳԿ Ƴ Ȥ Ƴ(Surah72:3) ִٴ Ͱ Ƶ(Surah2:116; 6:100-101; 10:68; 17:111; 18:4; 19:91-92; 21:26; 25:2) (Surah6:100; 16:57; 17:40; 37:149-153; 43:19; 53:27) ִٴ ϴ ʷϴ ̶ ϰ ִ. ٶ ü ϳ ϼ ȴٰ ϰ ִ(Surah5:116). üп ٶ ħ Ը ī ̱ ϸ鼭 (Mariamites) İ ϰ ִ ̱ ü ϳ, , ü ̶ ִ. Ĵ ư õ ̶ ϰ ִ. ̴ Ը üп ذ ˶ ÿ ̶ ٴ ߵ üп ħ Ϻ ڵκ ɼ ̴. 3 1 , 1 3 ü 볳 ٴ ̼ ո ̽ Ͻŷ ̷ ִٴ ͵ ̴. ٶ ϳ ð ΰ ̼ ִٴ ϰ ִ. ΰ ɷ° ̼ к ʿ ż μ źϴ ٶ ħ, кϴ ùٸ е ƴ ̴. üŷ(Trinitarian monotheism) ̽ ϰ ִ ŷ(߲) Ȥ ü(߲, Tritheism) ٸٴ ؼ ȴ. ϳ , , ̽ ϳ̸, ϳ, , ̷ ϳԵ顯 ƴϴ. ¾ ϳ Ƶ ϴ ƴ϶, ڽ ϳ Ƶ̱ ִ ̴. ΰ Ӽ ¾̴. ϳ Ƶ ΰ Űȭϴ ƴϴ. ΰ Űȭ źϰ ִ ش. ϳ ΰ ǽ ̰, Űȭ ΰ ϴ ̴. ϳ Ƶ ƴϴ. ΰ ϰ ִٰ ٶ ħ ߸ ̴. ϸ, μ̳ ż ϴ ƴ϶, ڽ ϴ ̴. ż μ ü ϳ ƴϴ. ε â̽ ϳ ϴ ڵ̸, â żȭ ʴ´. 6. ̽ ΰ? ̽ ڵ ϵ ˶ ø ϴ´. ٶ ټ ϵ ø ϰ ִ: ƺԿ õ õ õ 꿹 õ 빫Ը忡 õ ٶ. 뱳 ϴ پ ʴ´. ε ε ˶ ÿ ÷, н, Ѽ ǹ̰ ջǾ ̻ ˶ ÷μ ǹ̰ ٰ ̴. ƿ Ը带 õ ˶ Ϻϰ ״ ٶ ž ϰ ִ(Warraq 2002; Wansbrough 2004; Esposito e d1.995). ٶ ϵǾ ִ , ž Ȥ ü ٿ Ը尡 ϰ 긮 õ縦 ϳκ ø ̶ ϱ ʹ ڷ 뱳, ƶ , ξƽƮ, (Sabaean) Ը Ȥ ƶ ž ü, ȭ, μ µ ƶ ϰ (Abdul-Haqq1980; Moucarry 2001; Elass 2004), ־ κ ߰ ִ. ٶ ϵ Ϻϰ ϳ ð ƴ Ը尡 ġ ȸ ϴ ο âϸ鼭, Ը尡 ؼ ƶ پ ο ð ϰ ϳ 塯̶ п ϰ ȴ. 7. ̽ ȭ ΰ? ̶̽ ü ȭ(salama) Ѹ ΰ ְ, ˶ ȭ ǹ̸ ϰ ִ. ſ ȭ ϱ⸦(Al-Salamu Alaikum)̶ λϴ ͵ ̽ ǹ̿ ʴ(Surah6:54). ٶ õ簡 ϴ 鿡 ȭ Ҽ λϰ(Surah10:10), ƺԵ ƹ ȭ (Surah19:47), ֿ ־ , ư Ȱ ȭ ϰ ִ(Surah19:15). ó ٶ ȭ ְ, ȭ λ翡 Ͽ, , Ŀ ̸ ñ ǥ νϰ ִ. ̽ ߱ϴ ȭ ˶ Һ ó κ ϴ η ذ Ѵ. ٶ ħ ϸ ΰ , , ŵ, , ϳ ϳ Ʒ Ȯ , Ǹ(Surah18:49;54:52,53) Ͽ ɸ()ȴ(Surah18:49;20:15). . Ȳ ġ ƹ ¼ ä üǾ ڽ 뺯 ڵ (Surah2:255;6:51,70,164;10:13) ٷ ϴ ˼ DZ Ѵ. õ ˸ ʰ õ (Surah4:124; 16:97; 40:40), (17:19; 21:94), ǹ ؼ ־ (4:40; 6:160; 39:10) ̴. ˶ õ ε ְ ִٰ Ѵ(Surah14:4; 6:125). ư ˶ εϴ ƴ϶ ߸ ¡ϴ ̴(Surah32:13). ̽ ȭ κ ڽ ϰ ȣϰ ݱ װ ǹ ϰ ؼ ֱ δ Ұ ϳ 信 ɼ ſ . ݸ鿡, ڽ ũ ˿ ó η ȭ ū ϰ ִ ̴. ̽ ϴ ȭ ü Ÿ Ȥ 迡 Ÿ. ̽ η , Ǻλ, ȭ , ǿ , 뿡 ΰ 踦 ߱ؾ Ѵٰ Ѵ(al-Ghazali 2005). ̽ ̽ ̷ ġ ϰ Ӹ ƴ϶ ̽ ߱ϴ ȭ ġ ִٴ ü ȿ ϰ ִ ̴(Küng 2004; Griffith 2002; Smith ed. 2005). ̽ 翡 Ӿ ϰ ִ Ŀ þ 볻 ġ, , ̽ ɰϰ ϰ ִ. ̽ ȭ ߱ϴ ش ̽ 볻 ݺ ξ ̰ ϰ ڼϰ ȭ μ ̵ ؾ ̴. ƿ ѱ Ͽ ѱ ΰ ϰ ִ ¼ ٺ ̽ κ ѱ ȣ ִ 켱̰ ٷ ѱ ̽ ü νؾ ʿ䰡 ִ. , ȭ, , , , , ̽ ȭ ߿ ɻ ǿ ָ ʿ䰡 ִ. ̷ ɻ ϱ Űü ϴ (redemptive analogy, Richardson 2005) ̴. 8. ̽ 뱳 ž , 鿡 Ƶ ź ã ƴ. Ը ڵ ƶ ȸ ãƺ ġ յ ο ü ϴ پ ų , Ͽ ̽ ü踦 Ȯ ذ ־ δ. ŸԵ ϰ ʿ ϴ ؾ ߾ 翡 ݸ 踦 ̴. ε ϰ, ƴϸ, 츮 ǰ ƺ ڼ, ̻ ̽ ļյ̴. ƿ Ű õؾ 볳 ̴(Nichols & Corwin 2010). ÿ ݸ, 밨 ϳ ƿ ϴµ ʴ´. 츮 Ǿ ϼ̴ ó ʿ ϳ ΰ ̴. ڰ ̽ žӰ õδ Ͼ ʴ´. 鵵 ϴ Ÿ ϳ Ƶ̸ þƷ ڰ ˿ ڹ 뼭, ƾ ʿ ȥ̴.
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